新農村太陽能路燈普及推廣的(de)瓶頸已(yi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)技術問(wen)題，而是(shi)(shi)成本問(wen)題。要(yao)在(zai)降(jiang)低成本的(de)基(ji)礎上，提高系統的(de)穩定(ding)(ding)性及發揮大(da)的(de)效(xiao)能，就要(yao)合理搭配太陽能光(guang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)輸出功(gong)率和(he)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量(liang)及負(fu)載功(gong)率。為(wei)此，僅從(cong)理論計(ji)算(suan)(suan)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)的(de)。因(yin)為(wei)太陽光(guang)光(guang)強瞬息萬變，充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流和(he)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流都在(zai)不(bu)(bu)斷變化(hua)，理論計(ji)算(suan)(suan)會帶來(lai)較大(da)誤差。只有采取自動(dong)跟蹤(zong)監測充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)流才能準確(que)確(que)定(ding)(ding)光(guang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)季節和(he)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)方位的(de)大(da)功(gong)率輸出。以此確(que)定(ding)(ding)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)負(fu)載才是(shi)(shi)可(ke)靠的(de)。

利用調理電(dian)(dian)(dian)路對光電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流及(ji)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓進(jin)行(xing)一定(ding)頻率的數據(ju)采(cai)樣，由USB數據(ju)采(cai)集模塊將(jiang)采(cai)集數據(ju)送入(ru)計(ji)算機。在LabVIEW軟件(jian)平臺上進(jin)行(xing)適時顯示和統(tong)計(ji)分析。

蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)是一種浮動(dong)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)。采(cai)用(yong)差(cha)分(fen)(fen)測量方式(shi)會(hui)(hui)大(da)限度(du)地減小(xiao)(xiao)對被測電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，同時也會(hui)(hui)減小(xiao)(xiao)測量誤(wu)差(cha)。在本調理(li)電(dian)(dian)路中，采(cai)用(yong)高精(jing)(jing)度(du)低漂移(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)集(ji)成(cheng)運算(suan)放(fang)大(da)器(qi)制作的(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)動(dong)放(fang)大(da)器(qi)將(jiang)串入(ru)(ru)(ru)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)線路的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)小(xiao)(xiao)電(dian)(dian)阻之上的(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)動(dong)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)作為(wei)電(dian)(dian)流檢測信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)。將(jiang)并入(ru)(ru)(ru)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)阻分(fen)(fen)壓(ya)器(qi)獲得的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)作為(wei)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)。為(wei)消除干(gan)擾(rao)，用(yong)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)等值電(dian)(dian)阻分(fen)(fen)別接于差(cha)動(dong)放(fang)大(da)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)端與(yu)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)地之間。將(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)差(cha)動(dong)放(fang)大(da)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)送人USB采(cai)集(ji)模塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)通道以完成(cheng)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)調理(li)及(ji)采(cai)集(ji)。

新農村太陽能路燈控制(zhi)器應用不(bu)單單是(shi)控制(zhi)路燈夜間(jian)開啟白天關(guan)閉的簡單工作，其(qi)同時具備蓄(xu)電池過充，過放保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，太陽能(neng)電池過壓保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，負(fu)載(zai)短路保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)等多種保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)功(gong)能(neng)。

新農村太陽能路燈控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)啟動時刻根據電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)決(jue)定充(chong)電(dian)(dian)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，若(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于(yu)過(guo)放狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)就進(jin)入(ru)(ru)提(ti)升充(chong)電(dian)(dian)模(mo)式(shi)(shi);若(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于(yu)欠壓狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)就進(jin)入(ru)(ru)直(zhi)充(chong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi);若(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于(yu)浮(fu)充(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)就進(jin)入(ru)(ru)浮(fu)充(chong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，若(ruo)(ruo)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自身(shen)超壓則繼(ji)續停留在超壓報(bao)警狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)。當完成提(ti)升或者直(zhi)充(chong)后(hou)，新農村太陽能路燈(deng)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器轉(zhuan)入(ru)(ru)浮(fu)充(chong)的狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)，當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓由于(yu)負載用電(dian)(dian)而降(jiang)至低于(yu)直(zhi)充(chong)返回(hui)點時，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器重(zhong)新轉(zhuan)入(ru)(ru)直(zhi)充(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)。

太(tai)陽(yang)能光伏發電路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈的(de)好處，在于(yu)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)簡便，不(bu)產(chan)(chan)生維護費(fei)用，不(bu)產(chan)(chan)生昂貴電費(fei)，可(ke)謂(wei)一次(ci)投資(zi)、長期受益，且有(you)(you)利于(yu)節約能源。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)其弊病也顯著，那(nei)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一次(ci)投資(zi)成本過大。正是(shi)(shi)(shi)因為如(ru)此(ci)，政府(fu)才對安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)太(tai)陽(yang)能光伏發電路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈給予補(bu)貼，以調動地方的(de)積極性。由此(ci)可(ke)以看出(chu)，莫(mo)(mo)說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)即(ji)將拆(chai)遷(qian)的(de)村莊，莫(mo)(mo)說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)此(ci)密(mi)集的(de)路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈，即(ji)便是(shi)(shi)(shi)一桿兩桿，村民也很難有(you)(you)愿意(yi)去私自安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)。即(ji)使是(shi)(shi)(shi)真(zhen)的(de)有(you)(you)需要，他們(men)也更(geng)樂意(yi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)傳統(tong)的(de)路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈，花(hua)費(fei)少(shao)，見(jian)效快(kuai)。因此(ci)，相關部門的(de)回應(ying)，很難站得住腳。反倒是(shi)(shi)(shi)知情(qing)人的(de)說(shuo)法，在現實的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，更(geng)有(you)(you)可(ke)能。